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On Saturday, 7 December 2002, at the Pontifical Oriental Institute
meeting, the "Mar Thoma Yogam" (The St Thomas Christian
Fellowship in Rome) organized a symposium to celebrate the 1,950th
anniversary of the arrival in India of St Thomas the Apostle and the
450th anniversary of the death of St Francis Xavier. At the gathering
Cardinal Ignace Moussa I Daoud, Prefect of the Congregation for Oriental
Churches, gave an address in English on the two saints, Thomas the
Apostle and Francis Xavier. The Cardinal recounted the history of the
two great missionary saints. He praised the progress of the Church in
the Indian sub-continent. The Catholic faith is well preserved and
transmitted to the young generations through the faith education
imparted in the families, as well as in faith formation groups guided by
committed lay people and religious. He also mentioned the hope for true
and genuine communion between East and West. "in meeting each other
in the life and legacy of the Christians of India, Thomas and Francis
have become like twin brothers in spirit, inseparable in their message
of the one faith, of the one Church, of the one Lord and Saviour, Jesus
Christ. The divide between East and West, as real as it is painful, can
indeed be overcome. As the testimony of these two great pillars of our
faith clearly demonstrates, there is hope for true and genuine communion
between East and West, when we recognize that, while everybody is born
either in the East or in the West, a heart filled with the grace of
Christ can embrace both. Easterners and Westerners are not just
neighbours, much less need they be enemies. Rather each of us through
the grace of God can carry East and West in his heart". Dear Friends,
1. For years I have had the desire to visit India. It is a country
with a fascination all its own, even more so for me personally, since I
knew I had in this huge and beautiful land brothers and sisters of the
Syrian Church: the Malabar and Malankara faithful.
Visiting India
For this reason, after my election as Patriarch of Antioch of the
Syrians, I took advantage of the first invitation to go to India for the
opening celebrations of the Great Jubilee of the Year 2000 and I saw it
was even better than I had imagined. A second invitation was offered to
me for the conclusion of the Great Jubilee. But in the meantime the Holy
Father had nominated me Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental
Churches on 25 November 2000. So I asked to have my arrival in Rome
postponed in order to make my second pilgrimage to the beloved land of
India. This second visit was an even better opportunity for me to get to
know the Catholic Church in Kerala, in particular the Syro-Malabar
Church with the see of its Major Archbishop in Ernakulam and Angamaly.
These unforgettable visits allowed me to follow in the footsteps of St
Thomas the Apostle and St Francis Xavier. I saw for myself the fruits of
their preaching.
For this reason I am happy and honoured to be with you here today in
this distinguished Pontifical Oriental Institute in order to celebrate
the double Jubilee: the 1,950th anniversary of the arrival of the great
St Thomas and the 450th anniversary of the death of St Francis Xavier.
Neither St Thomas the Apostle nor St Francis Xavier were Indian by
birth. Both however became Indian by conviction and this was not just
any superficial attraction, but that genuine openness of spirit, which
seeks and establishes communion. It is important for us today to think
of St Thomas and St Francis as Indians by conviction, not merely
honorary citizens, just as St Paul became a Greek to the Greeks without
stopping to be a Jew to the Jews. The closed and sometimes exclusive
bonds of nationality were meant to be broken and opened up to a
communion of mutual understanding, respect and trust. This new community
was based not on the privilege of class or caste, but on the grace of
God which unifies even the most diverse realities.
The two saints can lead us to true missionary zeal and solid
ecclesial communion
2. One could have at times the impression that there is a deep chasm
on many different levels separating East from West to this very day.
Such divide is not just a geographical, historical or political reality,
but seems to be running before all else right through the human heart.
Maybe this is why the Church's mission to the East is often thought of
in rather critical terms as a misguided imposition of beliefs and values
on peoples who were not willing to accept either. How refreshing it is
to hear millions of Catholics in India and elsewhere today refer to
themselves with gratitude and joy as St Thomas Christians. Such
deep-felt association would hardly be thinkable, unless St Thomas, his
person and his preaching, had been openly, heartily and gratefully
accepted by his hearers and their descendants not as something imposed,
but as something welcomed. St Thomas, it seems, was someone with whom
the people of India had fallen in love and who, on the other hand, had
fallen in love with them. Many centuries later, at a time when another
wave of missionaries set out towards the East, St Francis Xavier
impressed not just old and new generations of Jesuits back in the West,
but was impressed by the faith he already found in the East. Here too we
see a missionary zeal, which was successful only because it drew by
love, not by force, greed or ambition. These two, the apostle and the
missionary, so cherished and honoured by the whole Church, but
especially by the Christians of India, can show us the way to
true missionary zeal and to solid ecclesial communion, if we but allow
ourselves to be led by them today.
The Way of Thomas: his mission is his response to the mystery of
God's call
3. The way begins with a call, God's call. Authentic mission is the
mystery of responding to a call rather than taking the initiative
oneself. At one particularly dramatic moment in the Gospel of St John,
St Thomas broke his silence to instil courage in the troop saying:
"Let us too go, so as to die with him" (Jn 11,16). But after
this expression of unswerving loyalty, his doubting spirit seemed to
throw him off balance for a moment and he asked for the way (Jn 14,5),
provoking from Jesus one of the most famous of self-definitions ever
made: "I am the way, the truth and the life" (Jn 14,6). In
order to save all through the grace of his Son, God's call is so potent
as to make possible what seems impossible and to reconcile what seems
irreconcilable.
Being sent in such a fashion is a powerful reminder that one's life
is not one's own, but God's and therefore Christ's. For such an
altruistic vocation selfless recruits are needed. St Thomas was such a
recruit and responded to the call. He was sent by Christ and he knew it.
Yet, his response was not altogether immune to the many challenges from
without as from within. We catch a glimpse of St Thomas, caught up in
his own inner struggle between his innate loyalty and his disarming
candor. Maybe for this reason he seems to be often connected in the
Gospels to the way and asking about it. Trouble starts only the one
time, when he was away, that fateful Sunday, when grief blinded him for
a second and he could not believe. In this too he was in good company,
for none of the eleven visions recorded in the Gospels of the Risen Lord
finds people ready.
If Thomas regained his step, it is because he refused to remain out
of step with his companions. Once back to the group he rose to the
occasion, when the Lord appeared to him a second time, and Thomas came
up with the highest expression of faith on anybody's lips in the Gospel:
"My Lord and my God" (Jn 20,28). Little did he know that,
after having had his peak experience, the end of this journey was only
the beginning of a new one, which took him all the way to India,
There his followers, now as then, have called what the Apostle taught
them "The way of Thomas". But this was always meant to be
understood not as replacing, but as leading to the only one who is The
Way to the Father, Christ, our Lord and our God.
St Francis Xavier connected the way of Thomas with the way of Peter
4. The seeds sown by the Apostle could be harvested in God's
good time by the Missionary. Ever since he reached Goa on 6 May 1542, St
Francis Xavier himself manifested a devotion to St Thomas. During his
two-year stay in India (1542-1544) he not only paid a visit to St
Thomas' Christians in Cochin and Travancore. He spoke with particular
warmth of his stay on the island of Sukotra, though some of his comments
may surprise us.
"The natives", he wrote, "proclaim themselves
Christians and are proud of it.... They possess churches, crosses and
sanctuary lights.... These people venerate in a particular way the
Apostle Thomas and believe to go back to the Christians he converted in
that region. During their prayers priests repeat frequently: Hallelujah!
Hallelujah! and pronounce this word as we do.... During my stay on the
island I have baptized a great number of children, to the great joy of
their parents. With heartfelt benevolence and well-meant pressures they
wanted to force me to accept the gifts which their poverty allows them
to make.... They asked me with insistence to remain with them and
promised me that all, young and old, would be baptized, if I would not
abandon them" (Epistolae S. Francisci Xaverii).
The presence, preaching and prayers of St Francis Xavier made a
lasting impression on the faithful of India. In confirming "The Way
of Thomas" he lovingly connected it to "The Way of
Peter", so that the faith of Christ, sown and grown strong over the
centuries, would enjoy the assurance of unity and truth from the office
of Peter and his successors.
Saintly models of genuine communion between East and West
5. The greatest gift St Thomas the Apostle gave to the budding
Christian community of India was their authentic and direct connection
with the very origins of the Christian faith, with the apostles and
their office, with Jerusalem. The greatest gift St Francis Xavier later
was to give to the same people was their connection with the very
guarantee of Christian infallibility, with the Successor of Peter, with
Rome.
In meeting each other in the life and legacy of the Christians of
India, Thomas and Francis have become like twin brothers in spirit,
inseparable in their message of the one faith, of the one Church,
of the one Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ.
The divide between East and West, as real as it is painful, can
indeed be overcome. As the testimony of these two great pillars of our
faith clearly demonstrates, there is hope for true and genuine communion
between East and West, when we recognize that, while everybody is born
either in the East or in the West, a heart filled with the grace of
Christ can embrace both. Easterners and Westerners are not just
neighbours, much less need they be enemies. Rather each of us through
the grace of God can carry East and West in his heart. Arguing against
one or the other therefore means arguing against oneself. St Thomas'
name—the Twin—suggests
that much. Today's anniversary celebration must impress upon us all,
what can become possible through faith not just within the Church, but
in the world at large. Following the Apostle and admiring the Missionary
our hearts tell us that East and West can meet in harmony and peace.
Our joy today is great. Our Indian brothers and sisters have much to
be proud of when they look back on what the St Thomas Christians have
been able to achieve through the centuries. We, their friends and fellow
Christians, can learn from them valuable lessons of faith, perseverance
and loyalty. Today is a moment to recognize God's abundant blessings on
this portion of the People of God. As Prefect of the Congregation for
the Oriental Churches I am truly grateful for all those who claim St
Thomas as their Father in Faith and who look to St Francis as their
inspiration in ministry, Catholics of the East and of the West,
Latin-Rite and Eastern-Rite. It is up to us now to show in word and deed
that we have not received this grace in vain.
Mary, Queen of Apostles
May Our Lady, whose Immaculate Conception, the One Universal Church
celebrates tomorrow, be with us on our way as Queen of the Apostles and
Help of Christians, leading us to him who was, who is and who is to
come, Christ, Our Messiah and our Saviour, our Lord and our God.
Thank you.
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